CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND OF MATHEMATICS
MATH 602.562 (Prince George's county cohort section)
MATH 602.171 (non-cohort independent study))
notes on course offerings:
--There are two offerings of MATH 602 for Spring
2010, with Dr Shirley teaching MATH 602.562(PG cohort) (M 5:00-7:40) at the
Laurel College Center (using this outline); a
closed class will be
on campus, taught by
Dr Reza Sarhangi.
--Dr Shirley is also likely to offer the course
on Wednesday evenings in Fall 2010 for the Baltimore
County cohort. There may also be a second class. These arrangements are not yet
confirmed.
--Check with the
Program Director, Dr
Maureen Yarnevich or
the Mathematics Dept for information on any of these offerings.
--This webpage is intended for Dr Shirley's class sections, but may be useful
for other offerings.
Spring 2010
Scroll down or jump immediately to:
Course Information,
Catalog Description,
Objectives,
Texts,
Topic Outline,
Assignments,
Final Exam,
Bibliography,
Class Regulations,
Links,
Roster,
Seating Chart,
References for NCATE and
Contacts.
professor: Dr. Lawrence Shirley
phone: 410-704-3500
fax: 410-704-3434
e-mail:
LShirley@towson.edu
personal web-page:
http://pages.towson.edu/shirley
office: 218-E in 7800 York Road
(note: This office is in the Graduate College, not the Mathematics Department)
office hours: immediately before or after class (in the classroom) or
by appointment
class meetings: Mondays 5:00 - 7:40 pm, January 25 - May 10 (exam
due May 17)
----------in the Laurel College Center,
312 Marshall Avenue, Laurel, 20707; room 307
----------(directions);
phone at LCC office: 1-866-228-6110 (on site contact: Nancy Greinberg-410-772-4160)
program director: Dr Maureen Yarnevich [myarnevich@towson.edu
or 410-704-2988];
program: M.S. in Mathematics Education
Catalog Course description: Meanings and origins of mathematics and fundamental mathematical concepts, schools of philosophical thought on mathematics, cultural basis of mathematics, ethnomathematics, mathematics in the real world, philosophy and purpose of mathematics education, current issues in the direction of mathematics and mathematics education, role of the mathematics teacher in current debates. Prerequisite: Admission to Master's in Mathematics Education program. (G) (3 credits)
A full (hard-copy) syllabus and a bibliography will be distributed in class. This webpage partially duplicates and supplements the syllabus and bibliography, and, in addition, includes relevant links .
COURSE OBJECTIVES / LEARNING OUTCOMES
Students in this course should:
1. gain greater insight into the philosophical and logical foundations
underlying the fields of mathematics and mathematics education.
2. recognize sources of mathematics from cultures and human activity
3. become familiar with aspects of the culture of mathematics
4. fit current issues of mathematics and mathematics education into the
structures of logical foundations, philosophies, and cultures.
5. gain competence to discuss and deal with issues of mathematics
and mathematics education.
6. recognize the important role of mathematics teachers in discussions of curriculum, instruction, and assessment issues of mathematics
education.
[Note: Students will also be introduced to
Towson University's Essential Dispositions for Educators at the level
of Pre-assessment (Candidate Self-Evaluation)] ---Ascher, Marcia (1991) Ethnomathematics:
a multicultural view of mathematical ideas, Wadsworth. ISBN
0-412-98941-7 ---Hersh, Reuben (1997) What is Mathematics, Really?
Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-511368-3
---Powell, Arthur and Frankenstein, Marilyn (editors) (1997)
Ethnomathematics:
Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, State University of New
York Press ISBN 0-7914-3352-8
----also, handouts are distributed and references are made to Links
below.
----Also, students should consult links
given below and books from the
bibliography
(paper copy distributed in class) as necessary
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(click
here)
TOPIC OUTLINE ethnomathematics: other cultures
take home final exam will be distributed
in class; it will be
due Monday, May 17, 5 pm
Math in MY OWN Culture: topic selections
Carmichael, Susan---brain education(related to yoga)
CLASS REGULATIONS AND EXPECTATIONS
As I find more interesting links, I'll put them up. See also my
personal
home page mathematics links.
As part of the accreditation requirements of
[ Top ]
but, contrary to the premise of this course....here's a quote from the
French mathematician
Henri
Lebesgue (1875 - 1941):
also--
"A good mathematical joke is better, and better mathematics, than a
dozen mediocre papers."
All links checked on 21 January 2010
(if you find a bad link, please
inform
Dr. Shirley)
[
Top
]
TEXTS
Required (available in the University Store;
links go to the listing in Amazon.com; or
for comparison shopping, try Campus Books4Less)
Recommended:
---Davis, Philip, and Hersh, Reuben (1981)
The Mathematical
Experience, Birkhauser. ISBN 0-395-92968-7
---National Council of
Teachers of Mathematics (2000) Principles and Standards of School Mathematics,
NCTM
[available on-line to NCTM members] ISBN 0-87353-480-8
(subject to possible changes--including
weather- or flu-related--which will be announced here and/or by email; note that
the weather-related cancellation of the February 8 class has pushed all classes
back by one week--which is now reflect on this schedule)
date
general topic
[Due dates for assignments are noted in
brackets; assignments are
described below]
(also see related Links
below)
reading
(to be completed before class)
the code for the texts is:
RH=Hersh
MA=Ascher
P&F=Powell &
Frankenstein
NCTM=Principles and Standards)
math culture topic
(see related Links
below)
January 25
REGISTRATION; course organization; "pre-test" and
demographics; Essential Dispositions for Educators
RH: Preface; "Dialogue with Laura"
history of mathematics review
history links
February 1
early ideas of philosophy of mathematics, to c. 1800
RH 6,7
history/philosophy links
favorite, special
numbers
number links
February 8
no class due to the big snow
February 15
crises in philosophy of mathematics:
non-Euclidean geometry, set
paradoxes, Gödel;
responses RH 8,9
history/philosophy links
nominal numbers, gematria
number links
February 22
developing a philosophy of
mathematics
["Platonic/formalist
ideas in school math" due]RH 2-5
mathematical objects
objects links
March 1
humanist/socio-cultural
philosophy of mathematics
RH 1, 10-13
folding paper
links for origami and hexaflexagons
March 8
ethnomathematics:
ethnic mathematics
MA Intro, 1,3,4; P&F 11,15
ethnomathematics links games I
games I links
March 15
note
that this class will follow the PG County spring break and not that of
Towson University
MA 2,5,6,7; P&F (9?),10
networks
March 22
ethnomathematics political issues:
diversity, equity, global education P&F 7,13,14,18
socio-political links games II
games II links
March 29
individual
presentations:
"Mathematics in MY OWN Culture"P&F 1,12,16,17
April 5
Spring Break
April 12
individual presentations:
"Mathematics in MY OWN Culture"
[global essay
due]
April 19
individual presentations:
"Mathematics in MY OWN Culture"
"Lockhart's Lament"
and follow-up
April 26
philosophy of
mathematics education
[Math in MY Culture write-up due]
NCTM-PSSM: Chap 2 "Principles";
review RH 2,13(criteria for philosophy) magic squares
(lo shu)
magic square links
April 21-24
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Annual Conference, San Diego, California
May 3, 2010
Iyyar 19, 5770
Jumada-I 19, 1431
elder-metal Tiger: 4708-3-20
applying philosophy:
issues in mathematics education
[philosophy essay due]NCTM-PSSM: Chap 2
"Principles"
"Math Wars" handout via
e-mail
links to organizations and issues calendars
calendar links
May 10
jokes!
links to math jokes
& literary math
ASSIGNMENTS (approximate percentage weightings for grading are
given)
1. Read assigned chapters and other readings and be ready for discussion
and questions (10%) (participation in discussion will be taken into
account)
2. Write between one and two pages (200-500 words), describing where you see Platonic and
formalist philosophies of mathematics being applied in school mathematics
curricula and/or instructional practices
(especially in your
own school). Due February 22.(15%)
3. Prepare a presentation of about 20 minutes on the
mathematics of some area of your own cultural heritage and/or your non-professional
life. "Cultural heritage" may be defined very broadly: race, ethnicity,
religion, geography of hometown, family customs, social class, hobbies, life
experiences. The presentation should explain how the topic fits your personal
culture, give information on the topic's details, and show some mathematics
related to the topic. Include any appropriate visuals, handouts,
activities, etc. March 29, April 12, or April 19
(topics and specific dates to be shown below).
Also write up a five-to-eight page (roughly 1250-2000 words) summary of the
presentation, including materials and references. The written paper is due April
26 (25% for presentation and paper)
Deterding, James
Fabré, Shelley---NCAA Basketball tournament
Engles, James---sabermetrics (in baseball)
Fiechuk, Christine
Frederick, Wendy---Bible numerology
Hayden, Dana
Hopper, Danielle
Jones, Elise
McNair, Gwendolyn---hair styles
Sarich, John---football
Velcenbach, Jacqueline---numerology in religion (incl.
kabbalah)
Wintersteen-Kolb, Catherine
Wong Wing, Ashana
Yates, Candyce
5.
Write a one-to-two
page essay (200-500 words) on your own philosophy of mathematics education and
teaching, reflecting our review of philosophies of mathematics and mathematics
education and their implementation. This should grow out of the discussion of
the April 26 class. Maybe some of these
mathematics education links will
assist you. Due May 3 (15%)
FINAL EXAM
A take-home final exam will be distributed in class May 10 and by email attachment on
May 11. It will be due by
Monday, May 17, at 5 pm. It may
involve additional research in the library and/or the Web. (20%) It
can be submitted by fax (410-704-3434) or as e-mail
(
LShirley@towson.edu) or in hard-copy to 218-E in 7800 York Road (postal:
Lawrence Shirley, College of Graduate Studies and Research, Towson University,
8000 York Road, Towson MD 21252-0001).
--Plagiarism is, of course, not acceptable. Any use of the material of
others must be documented, including Web-based material. Documentation
does not sanction direct copying of text or ideas except in indicated quotations.
See the
Student Academic Integrity Policy
[Word Document]
Any academic dishonesty will normally result in a grade of zero for
that work and may result in greater sanctions.
--Grading will be based on quality of written work and participation in
class, weighted as indicated above
--Any student who needs an accommodation due to a disability should make an
appointment to discuss the accommodation. A memo from Disability Support
Services authorizing the accommodation is required.
--H1N1 note: Students should not attend classes or other university events from the onset of flu-like symptoms until at least 24 hours after the fever subsides without the use of fever reducing medications. Such absences will be considered excused absences; however, students are responsible for the material covered during the period of their absence.
LINKS
MATHEMATICS CONTENT AND HISTORY (especially relevant to philosophy)
--
Notes on the history of
mathematics from the webpage of the MATH 301 course; also with many
history-related links.
--Biographies
of historical mathematicians (nearly 1800 names!) and other topics
----including
Pythagoras,
Aristotle,
Plato,
Euclid,
Ptolemy,
Descartes,
Newton,
Leibniz,
Bolyai,
Lobachevsky,
C. Peirce,
Poincaré,
Cantor,
Frege,
Russell,
Hilbert,
Gödel,
Pólya,
Lakatos,
Erdös
and hundreds more!
--Euclid's
Elements, complete with dynamic linking cross-references
--Non-Euclidean
geometry
--Hilbert's 23 problems and their
disposition; and another
similar list; and
another
list, with more references.
-- Gödel's
Proof
--The Clay Mathematics Institute
offers $1 million prizes for the solution of each of the seven currently unsolved
"Millennium
Problems" (one has now been solved)
--MathWorld--a great site to look up math content and terminology
--current mathematics news:
MathWorld
Headline News
--Philosopher Immanuel
Kant
--Piaget's educational theory
--Reuben Hersh:
his own webpage, in
Wikipedia
ETHNOMATHEMATICS, MATHEMATICS OF OTHER CULTURES, GLOBAL RESOURCES
--International
Study Group on Ethnomathematics
(North American Study Group on
Ethnomathematics)
----syllabi of ethnomathematics courses elsewhere
----the
Fourth
International Conference on Ethnomathematics (in Towson, July 25-30, 2010)
--counting to ten in more than
5000 languages
--play oware/mancala
on-line (slightly different rules than those used in class)
--References to mu torere:
description,
more technical,
a
computer program in BASIC
--information on
Marcia Ascher
--references on the
mathematics of Islam and
more Islamic math. Here is a conversion to
the Islamic calendar. This is a more
technical, scientific explanation of
the Islamic lunar calendar.
--Jewish
calendar;
conversions
--information on the
Chinese calendar
and
more Chinese calendar details;
conversions
--School of the Seasons: information on traditional calendar,
mostly Europe, especially Celtic
--outline of a
conference presentation on ethnomathematics
--a paper on
"Mathematics in Global Education Programs"
from ICEM-3 (full text and references)
--the International Studies Schools Association
--"Teaching Statistics with Social Justice"--a good argument with good resources
--Peace Corps,
National Peace Corps Association
(the
organization of returned Peace Corps Volunteers)
-----Global TeachNet (assistance for
international education)
World Wise Schools (connecting with a Peace Corps Volunteer)
--data and statistics from
The World Bank,
the US Census Bureau,
the Population Reference Bureau, and the
United Nations
--UN Millennium Goals (eight development goals for 2015)
--WorldMapper--world
maps with country areas proportional to measures of interest.
--A talk using
amazing graphics to break myths about the developing world (a 20-minute video)
(from TED.com); more at
gapminder.org
--HIV/AIDS data in a
data-processing lesson Lesson Plans for
WorldView Magazine,
Special Issue on HIV/AIDS,18, 2, May 2005
--RadicalMath looks at
blending mathematics content and issues of social justice. Similarly, the
Algebra Project
considers algebra and the opportunity to learn mathematics as civil rights.
Rethinking Schools--a nonprofit
educational publisher on school reform (including mathematics), with a focus on
issues of equity and social justice
--the life and work of
Paolo Freire,
Brazilian philosopher and educator
--Not as course reading, but for general awareness, I highly recommend Thomas Friedman's 2005 book
The World is Flat. (revised in 2006; third edition
may now be available)
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION: ORGANIZATIONS AND "MATH WARS"
--an outline of the
history of
mathematics education in the 20th century
--International Congress
of Mathematical Education (ICME-11) was in Mexico, July, 2008;
ICME-12 will be in Seoul, Korea, July 8-15, 2012.
--National Council of Teachers of
Mathematics (2010 Annual Meeting
in San Diego, California)
-----Principles and Standards of
School
Mathematics on-line
--Maryland Council of Teachers of
Mathematics (no MCTM Annual Meeting in 2010, due to Regional NCTM
meeting in Baltimore)
--Maryland State Department of
Education
--The Math Forum @ Drexel (issues,
resources, problems, etc.)
--The Mathematics Curriculum Center of the Educational Development Center
--The Eisenhower National Clearinghouse: info on curriculum development and implementation
(a subscription site)
--Mathematically Correct
--Mathematically
Sane
--an MAA group trying to settle disagreements by finding
common ground
--Math is More
A group looking for a coordinated effort to improve mathematics education nation-wide.
--Report of the
National
Mathematics Advisory Panel, March 2008
[press
release]
OTHER CULTURE OF MATHEMATICS
--conference presentation on
numbers (with interesting links)
--BIG
numbers by counting pennies (Also, follow the links at the end for
terminology and more sense of BIG numbers)
--a suggestion for
names for big numbers
---powers of ten--photos, video, etc. to show sizes of lengths and time
--a great index of terms for sizes, units, time, numbers, etc.
--primes, Mersenne primes, and
perfect numbers (general information);
updates on the search for more; and
how YOU can join the search)
--repunits (1,11,111,1111, etc.)
--dollar words and
gematria calculations
--
minimal surfaces (with average curvature of zero);
Costa surface
--Virtual Math Museum
--four-dimensional hypercube (tesseract) in 3-D
Note: If you have
red-blue 3-D glasses, you can use them. Otherwise, use this version.
Press the "Stereo" button twice. You will see a double image. Cross your eyes to
produce a third image between the two. Watch that one. The page also has
some instructions and other "cool" images below the tesseract. Enjoy!
--Klein
bottle pictures and
for
sale
--
fractals, and
examples and fractal of the day; zoom on Mandelbrot's plot;
--mathematical origami;
Lang=a
leading origamist;
more origami links and some
origami basics
--hexaflexagons and
more hexaflexagons
--Play tic-tac-toe in
3-D (4x4x4) or
4-D (3x3x3x3)
--information and links about the game of
Hex.
Here you can
play it.
--a page on
Nine Men's Morris.
Here you can
play it.
--magic squares (lo shu): for
educational use and more;
more technical details (with many
links)
--some classic
math jokes,
and more good math jokes
--more broadly, here is a page of
mathematical fiction.
--
Martin Gardner's collected columns
(available on CD-ROM)
If you find good webpages
related to
any aspect of this course, let me
know.
--Essential Dispositions for Educators--Advanced Programs: The Dispositions are introduced in the first class meeting
and students do a self-evaluation.
--Assessment literacy components: Assessment issues are included in the discussion of
mathematics education issues.
--Signature assessments: Pre-test, three short papers, one oral
presentation with paper, final exam
--Reference to standards: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics: Principles
and Standards of School Mathematics(2000), Chapter 2 (used as assigned
reading); and Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics (1991)
"Standards for the Professional Development of Teachers of
Mathematics" Standard 2 (bullets 4, 7, 8) and "Standards for the
Support and Development of Mathematics Teachers and Teaching"
Standard 2 (generally)
--Reference to Voluntary State Curriculum
and Maryland Core Learning Goals: This
course for experienced teachers does not cover PK-12 content as described in the
VSC or Core Learning Goals, but the philosophical and cultural background of
mathematics should help the teachers see mathematics from a deeper and more
sophisticated point of view, thus broadening and strengthening their ability
to cover all mathematical topics.
--Towson University's Conceptual Framework for Professional Education:
MATH 602 fits into the Mission to "inspire, educate and prepare
facilitators of active learning for diverse and inclusive communities of learner
in environments that are technologically advanced" by satisfying several of
integrated themes of the Vision: The reflective view of the philosophy of
mathematics helps ensure academic mastery; the review of ethnomathematics
helps prepare educators for diverse and inclusive classrooms; applying
philosophy helps develop professional conscience and provide
leadership through scholarly endeavors.
-------------
CONTACTS
If you have questions or comments,
send e-mail to
Dr. Shirley or phone 410-704-3500
You are also invited to visit Dr.
Shirley's personal homepage, where you will find his biography with many related
links, his phone and other contacts, and a collection
of other interesting links (including some other links on mathematics,
mathematics culture, and mathematics education).
------------------------
"In my opinion, a mathematician, in so far as he is a
mathematician, need
not preoccupy himself with philosophy--an opinion, moreover, which
has
been expressed by many philosophers." quoted in Scientific American 211 (September 1964)
John Littlewood
(1885-1977) A Mathematician's Miscellany, 1953
☺
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[required course texts
are in bold]
African Americans in Science, Mathematics, Medicine, and Invention
(1993),
Peoples Publishing.
Ascher, Marcia (1991) Ethnomathematics: a Multicultural View of
Mathematical Ideas, Brook-Cole Publishing Company.
Ascher, Marcia (2002) Mathematics Elsewhere: An Exploration of Ideas
across Cultures, Princeton University Press. Bishop, Alan (1988) Mathematical Enculturation: A Cultural Perspective
on Mathematics Education, Kluwer. DAmbrosio, Ubiratan (1992, English translation by Patrick B. Scott,
1998) Ethnomathematics: The Art or Technique of Explaining and Knowing,
International Study Group on Ethnomathematics. Davis, Philip (2006) Mathematics and Common Sense: A Case of Creative
Tension, A.K. Peters. Davis, Philip, and Hersh, Reuben (1981) The Mathematical Experience,
Birkhauser. [recommended text]
Dehaene, Stanislas (1997) The Number Sense, Oxford University Press. Devlin, Keith (2002) The Millennium Problems, Basic Books. Eglash, Ron (1999) African Fractals: Modern Computing and Indigenous
Design, Rutgers University Press. Ernest, Paul (1991) The Philosophy of Mathematics Education,
Falmer Press. _____(editor) (1994) Mathematics, Education, and Philosophy: An
International Perspective, Falmer Press. Everybody Counts (1989) National Academy Press (for National Research
Council).
Fadiman, Clifton (1957, 1997) Fantasia Mathematica, Springer-Verlang. _____ (1962, 1997) The Mathematical Magpie, Springer-Verlang. Frankenstein, Marilyn (1994) "Critical Mathematics Education:
Bringing multiculturalism to the mathematics classroom" in M.M.
Atwater, K. Radzick-March, & M. Strutchens (eds) Multicultural
Education: Inclusion of All, The University of Georgia. Friedman, Thomas L. (2005)
The
World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century,
Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Freudenthal, Hans (1973) Mathematics as an Educational Task, D.
Reidel Publishing Company. _____ (1978) Weeding and Sowing: Preface to a Science of Mathematical
Education, D Reidel Publishing Company. Gardner, Martin many articles and books on recreational (but substantive!) mathematics; now
his monthly columns are
collected in (2005)Martin Gardners Mathematical Games: The Entire Collection of his
Scientific American Columns (CD
format), Mathematical Association of America. Gay, John and Cole, Michael (1967) The New Mathematics and an Old
Culture (A Study of Learning among the Kpelle of Liberia) Holt, Rinehart
and Winston.
Gold, Bonnie and Simons, Roger (editors) (2008)
Proofs and Other Dilemma: Mathematics
and Philosophy, Mathematical Association of America.
Gowers, Timothy (editor) (2008) The Princeton
Companion to Mathematics Gutstein, Eric and Peterson, Bob (editors) (2005) Rethinking
Mathematics: Teaching Social Justice by the Numbers, Rethinking Schools,
Ltd. Hersh, Reuben (1997) What is Mathematics, Really? Oxford
University Press. Hofstadter, Douglas (1979) Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden
Braid, Vintage Books. Ifrah, Georges (1994) The Universal History of Numbers, Wiley. Irons, C., Burnett, J., & Hoo Foon, S.W. (1993) Mathematics from
Many Cultures, Mimosa Publications. Kaplan,
Robert (1999) The Nothing that Is: A
Natural History of Zero, Kasner, Edward, and Newman, James (1940) Mathematics and the
Imagination, Penguin Books. Kline, Morris (1953) Mathematics and Western Culture, Oxford
University Press. _____ (1962) Mathematics: A Cultural Approach, Addison-Wesley. Kuhn, Thomas (1962) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University
of Chicago Press. Lakatos, Imre (1976) Proofs and Refutations, Cambridge University
Press. Lerman, Stephen (editor) (1994) Cultural Perspectives on Mathematics
Classrooms, Kluwer. Livio, Mario (2002) The Golden Ratio: The Story of Phi, the Worlds
Most Astonishing Number, Random House.
Mazur, Barry (2003) Imagining Numbers (particularly the square root of minus
fifteen), New York: Farrar Straus Giroux Multiculturalism in Mathematics, Science and Technology: Readings and
Activities (1993) Addison-Wesley. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (1989) Curriculum and
Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, NCTM _____ (1990) Teaching and Learning Mathematics (1990 Yearbook),
NCTM. _____ (1991) Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics,
NCTM. _____ (1995) Assessment Standards for School Mathematics, NCTM. _____ (1995) Connecting Mathematics Throughout the Curriculum (1995
Yearbook), NCTM. _____ (1997) Multicultural and Gender Equity in the Mathematics Classroom:
The Gift of Diversity (1997 Yearbook),
NCTM. _____ (2000) Learning Mathematics for a New Century (2000 Yearbook), NCTM. _____ (2000) Principals and Standards for School Mathematics, NCTM. ______(2006) Curriculum Focal Points
for Prekindergarten through Grade 8 Mathematics NCTM.
Nelson, D., Joseph, G.G., Williams, J. (1993) Multicultural Mathematics,
Oxford University Press.
Newman, James (editor) (1956) The World of Mathematics (4 volumes),
Simon & Schuster.
Omnès, Roland (2005) Converging Realities:
Toward a Common Philosophy of Physics and Mathematics, Princeton University
Press.
Papert, Seymor (1980) Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful
Ideas, Basic Books.
Paulos, J.A. (1988) Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and its
Consequences, Vintage Books.
Pickover, Clifford (2005) A Passion for Mathematics: Numbers, Puzzles,
Madness, Religion, and the Quest for Reality, Wiley.
Pólya, George (1945) How to Solve It, Princeton University Press.
_____ (1962) Mathematical Discovery (two volumes), John Wiley &
Sons.
Powell, Arthur, and Frankenstein, Marilyn (eds) (1997) Ethnomathematics:
Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, State University of New
York Press.
Shirley, Lawrence (1995) "Using Ethnomathematics to Help Find
Multicultural Mathematical Connections" in National Council of Teachers
of Mathematics (1995) Connecting Mathematics Across the Curriculum (1995
Yearbook), NCTM.
_____ (2000) "Twentieth Century Mathematics: A Brief Review of the
Century" Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 5,5 (January
2000), 278-285.
_____ (2001) "Ethnomathematics as a Fundamental of Instructional
Methodology" Zentralblatt fr Didaktik der MathematikInternational
Reviews on Mathematical Education, issue 2001/3 (handout to be
distributed).
_____ (2006) "Ethnomathematics in Global Education Programs"
Third International Conference on Ethnomathematics, Auckland, New Zealand
(proceedings forthcoming)
(also http://pages.towson.edu/shirley/global.htm )
Singh, Simon (1997) Fermats Enigma, Walker and Company. Sriraman, Bharath (editor) (2007) International Perspectives on
Social Justice in Mathematics Education, Information Age Publishing
Steen, Lynn Arthur (editor) (1992) On the Shoulders of Giants: New
Approaches to Numeracy, National Academy Press (for National Research
Council).
_____ (editor) (1997) Why Numbers Count: Quantitative Literacy for
Tomorrows America, The College Board.
Stewart, Ian (1975, 1995) Concepts of Modern Mathematics, Penguin
Books (reissued by Dover).
_____ (1996) From Here to Infinity, Oxford University Press,
Taylor, Alan D. Social Choice and the Mathematics of Manipulation, Mathematical
Association of America.
Tobias, Sheila (1978, 1993) Overcoming Math Anxiety, W.W. Norton
& Company. Tymoczko, Thomas (editor) (1998) New Directions i the Philosophy of
Mathematics, Princeton University Press.
Wilder, Raymond L. (1965) The Foundations of Mathematics, John Wiley
& Sons.
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1973, 1999) Africa Counts: Number and Pattern in
African Culture, Lawrence Hill Books.
_____ (1996) The Multicultural Mathematics Classroom, Heinemann.
Atkins, Peter (2003) Galileo's Finger: The Ten Great Ideas of Science,
Oxford: Oxford University Press
Bazin, Maurice, Tamez, Modesto, and the Exploratorium Teacher Institute
(2002) Math and Science Across Cultures: Activities and Investigations
from the Exploratorium, The New Press (Norton).
[recommended text](full text is available to members only--on-line
at http://standards.nctm.org )
Independent Study (section 171)
Deterding, James
Engles, James
Fabré, Shelley
Velcenbach, Jacqueline
PG County Cohort (section 562)
Carmichael, Susan
Fiechuk, Christine
Frederick, Wendy
Hayden, Dana
Hopper, Danielle
Jones, Elise
McNair, Gwendolyn
Sarich, John
Wintersteen-Kolb, Catherine
Wong Wing, Ashana
Yates, Candyce
| -- | WENDY FREDERICK | DANA HAYDEN | ELISE JONES |
DANIELLE HOPPER |
||||
| JIMMY DETERDING | JAMES ENGLES | -- | JACKY JO VELCENBACH | CANDYCE YATES | ASHANA WONG WING | CATHY WINTERSTEEN-KOLB | ||
| JOHN SARICH | SUE CARMICHAEL | CHRISSY FIECHUK | -- | GWEN McNAIR |
SHELLEY FABRÉ |
|||
| <windows | DR SHIRLEY | -- | door > |
Babies born to students of the Fall 2009 class
Chloe Fager--October 7 (Akan name: Akua)

Clara Isabel Obenschain--December 2
(Akan name: Akua)
Matthew Keith Westervelt--December 11
(Akan name: Kofi)